Contesting Use of Force Norms Through Technological Practices

International law on the use of force has become increasingly contested. Such contestation also happens in form technologically-mediated state practices, for example via designing and using drones or weapon systems integrating autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. Over time, such practices can deliberatively tacitly shape new norms. To make sense dynamics, article differentiates between an international normative order legal theorises how their congruence/incongruence affects (social legal) norms governing force. These arguments combine norm research with scholarship across critical law, practice theories, science technology studies to examine emergence contested areas orders. The paper examines targeted killing context jus contra bellum emerging ‘meaningful’ human control bello. examples demonstrate significant orders – adverse consequences this development restraining quality law.